Infrastructure

Heat can cause problems in transport and electricity networks in the city. High temperatures lead to the expansion of bridges, making them unable to open or close. Railway tracks can expand due to heat, leading to the risk of derailment. Heat also causes damage to roads, for example, by melting asphalt. Heat-related material damage can result in delays and damage to port, rail, and airport activities.

During a heatwave, the demand for energy also increases due to the growing use of cooling systems and air conditioners. Heat, combined with drought, can also lead to power outages when power plants cannot produce as much, or at all, due to a lack of cooling water. Additionally, a higher air temperature significantly reduces the efficiency of energy generation. Higher temperatures lead to a lower transmission speed of electricity through cables (increased resistance) and damage due to expansion (stretching or breaking).

The mind map further elaborates on five consequences of heat on networks:

• Railway track
• Bridges
• Pavement
• Energy demand
• Energy blackout